The Daily Halacha Moment - Al HaNissim📖
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
When does one recite Al HaNissim during Purim?
What does one do if one forgot to recite Al HaNissim during Shemoneh Esrei or Birkat HaMazon on Purim?
Answer:
Al HaNissim is recited in Shemoneh Esrei and Birkat HaMazon on Purim.
[1]
Even before the Megillah reading, one should recite Al HaNissim in Shemoneh Esrei. [2]
In Shemoneh Esrei, Al HaNissim is added in the berachah of Modim before the words ve’al kulam. If one omitted Al HaNissim, he does not repeat Shemoneh Esrei. If one realized his error before completing the berachah, he may go back and recite it. If he completed the berachah, or even only started the berachah but recited Hashem’s Name, he does not go back to correct his error.
[3] One may also not recite Al HaNissim between the berachot of Modim and Sim Shalom.
[4]
One recites Al HaNissim in Birkat HaMazon, and if one forgot, he does not have to repeat Birkat HaMazon. However, if one has not yet recited the berachah of Al HaAretz VeAl HaMazon, he may go back to recite Al HaNissim [5]
If one finished his seudah after Purim already concluded, he should still recite Al HaNissim in Birkat HaMazon, as long as he ate a kezayit of bread while it was still daytime. However, if one prayed Arvit in the middle of his seudah, he may no longer recite Al HaNissim in Birkat HaMazon. [6]
When Purim is on erev Shabbat and one did not finish his meal until after shkiyah, Al HaNissim is not recited, and one is obligated to add Retzeh. [7]
Sources:
[1]. Shulchan Aruch 693:2.
[2]. Bet Yosef 693, in the name of Hagahot Maimoni; Chazon Ovadia, Purim, p. 99. See also Rama 693:2.
[3]. Shulchan Aruch, O.C. 682:1. See also Yechaveh Daat 5:49 and Chazon Ovadia, Purim, pages 99–100, which says that one should preferably recite Al HaNissim at the end of E-lohai Netzor if one only remembered after concluding the berachah of Modim. See also Yalkut Yosef, Purim, p. 573.
[4]. Yabia Omer, vol. 1, 22:11 & 9:53; Yechaveh Daat 5:49; Yalkut Yosef, Purim, p. 573.
[5]. Shulchan Aruch 695:3; Rama, O.C. 187:4; Yechaveh Daat 1:89; Yabia Omer, vol. 1, O.C. §22; Chazon Ovadia, Purim, p. 182.
[6]. Shulchan Aruch and Rama 695:3; Birkei Yosef 188:12; Toledano, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:17; Nehar Mitzrayim, Hilchot Purim, toward the end; Chazon Ovadia, Purim, p. 183; Yechaveh Daat 3:55; Halichot Olam, vol. 2, p. 83. This opinion is also brought in Ohr LeTzion, vol. 4, 60:4, in the name of Rabbi Ezra Attia, provided that a kezayit of bread was eaten during the day. This is unlike the view of Ben Ish Chai, Chukat 1:22 and Kaf HaChaim 188:43, which state that Al HaNissim is omitted.
[7]. Mishnah Berurah 695:15. See also Shulchan Aruch 271:6.
See also Laws Of The Holidays - Nacson.
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