The Daily Halacha Moment - Up All Night & Birkot HaShachar
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
Does one recite Birkot HaShachar if one was up the whole night?
Answer:
The Sephardic custom is to recite all Birchot HaShachar, including Birchot HaTorah, except for Netilat Yadayim. Asher Yatzar can be recited if one uses the bathroom. Birchot HaShachar may be recited from Chatzot, while Birchot HaTorah should be recited after Alot HaShachar, following the washing of hands without a beracha. [1]
According to the Ashkenazic custom, even if one slept, one may nevertheless make all the Birchot HaShachar except for Elokai Neshamah, HaMaavir Sheynah, and Birchot HaTorah, which one should preferably hear from someone who has slept with the intention to fulfill his obligation. [2] In a situation where an Ashkenazi has no one to recite the Berachot on their behalf, the Elyah Rabbah (46:13) advises against reciting HaMaavir Sheynah and Elokai Neshama, while the Aruch HaShulchan (Orach Chaim 46:13) disagrees, holding that one may recite them even without having slept. Regarding Birchot HaTorah, the Mishnah Berurah (47:28) recommends not reciting them due to the principle of safek berachot lehakel (avoiding doubtful blessings), but the Aruch HaShulchan (OC 47:23) strongly supports reciting Birchot HaTorah if one has stayed awake all night and cannot hear them from another person.
Sources:
[1]. Kaf HaChaim 46:49:1; Yabia Omer 5:6; Or LeTzion 2:4:11, Tefillah KeHilchata, chap 9 note 159; Yalkut Yosef 489:13; Birkei Yosef 46:12; Rav Pe’alim 4:1; Chazon Ovadia, Yom Tov, p. 313.
[2]. Rama 46:8; Mishna Brurah 46:24; Piskei Teshuvot 494:7.
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