The Daily Halacha Moment - Building Utensils and Functional Objects 🛠
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
Are items that are usually assembled and dismantled subject to the Melachah of Boneh on Shabbat?
Answer:
Items that are usually assembled and then dismantled on a constant basis are permitted to be assembled on Shabbat.
Examples of this include:
a. It is permitted to install the CO2 canister for a soda making machine, and make soda on Shabbat (provided that it is not electric). [1]
b. It is permitted to adjust a shtender on Shabbat by loosening the screws and tightening them, even if one ends up leaving it that way for several weeks. [2]
c. It is permitted to screw on the cap of a salt-shaker on Shabbat, even though one’s intention is that it should remain that way for an extended period of time. [3]
d. It is permitted to allow a child to play with Lego or other type of building block that is similar to Lego, even though they are building structures and destroying them on Shabbat. Adults should refrain from playing with Lego on Shabbat. [4]
Sources:
[1]. See Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 5, p. 286. See also in Kitzur Shulchan Aruch Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, chap. 70, footnote 2 brings a written letter from Chacham Ovadia Yosef who permits using a “Soda Stream” machine as well. See also in Yabia Omer 3.:21.
[2]. Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 5, p. 291; Shevet HaLevi 6:32; Rivevot Ephraim 5:264; Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchatah 23:50; Orchot Shabbat 8:60. Ohr LeTzion, vol. 2, 27:3 differentiates between the types of shtender’s, and permits doing so to a shtender in the synagogue which is always being adjusted by different congregant and does not permit to adjust a shtender that one uses at home if one does not normally adjust it. However, Chazon Ovadia argues that since a shtender that is able to be adjusted is made for this purpose and it does not take any professional skill to adjust it, then it is considered an item that is made to be constantly adjusted, even if practically one does not end up adjusting it for weeks after setting it up to one’s preference.
[3]. Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 5, p. 289.
[4]. Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 3, p. 101; vol. 5, p. 292; Yechaveh Daat 2:55; Yabia Omer, vol. 7, 39:4; Halichot Olam, vol. 3, p. 200 and vol. 4, p. 240; Kitzur Shulchan Aruch Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, chap. 70, footnote 10 includes all other types of blocks that are similar to Lego. See also in Tzitz Eliezer 13:30; Ohr LeTzion, vol. 2, 42:5; Menuchat Ahavah, vol. 3, 23:41.
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