The Daily Halacha Moment - Bedikat Chametz🕯️
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
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Question:
What is the Mitzvah of Bedikat Chametz?
When does one perform the Mitzvah of Bedikat Chametz?
Answer:
On the night of the fourteenth of Nissan, there is a mitzvah to perform bedikat chametz.
[1] Although bittul chametz, nullifying one’s chametz, is performed before Pesach as well, there is a rabbinic obligation to perform bedikat chametz, a full inspection of one’s property to make sure that no chametz remains. [2]
Before performing bedikat chametz, one customarily already has his home thoroughly cleaned from chametz. [3]
Bedikat chametz should be performed immediately after tzet hakochavim on the night of the fourteenth of Nissan (approximately twenty minutes after shkiyah),[4] after one has already prayed Arvit.[5].
Over the next couple of days we will discuss the Halachot of Bedikat/Biur Chametz in more depth.
Sources:
[1]. Shulchan Aruch 431:1
[2]. Mishnah Berurah 431:2
[3]. Rama 433:11. See Mishnah Berurah 433:46, which explains that this is required because without this cleaning, a proper bedikah cannot be performed. This thorough cleaning, though, is generally done before the evening of the fourteenth of Nissan so that one may perform the bedikah properly.
[4]. Shulchan Aruch 431:1; Taz §1; Machazik Berachah §1; Mishnah Berurah §1; Ben Ish Chai, Tzav 1:1; Chazon Ovadia, Pesach §1, p. 33. This is unlike the view of Magen Avraham §1, which states that the bedikah may even be performed before tzet hakochavim.
[5]. See Mishnah Berurah 431:8; Chazon Ovadia, Pesach §1, p. 44; and & Maor Yisrael, Pesachim 4a, which state that even if the time for bedikat chametz has arrived, one should pray Arvit first, and only afterwards perform the bedikah. However, one should appoint a friend to remind him to perform the bedikah immediately after he has finished praying Arvit. See also Yalkut Yosef, Pesach, vol. 1, p. 307.
See Laws of The Holidays - Nacson
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