The Daily Halacha Moment - Melachah Of Mefarek 🥜
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
What is the melachah of Mefarek?
Answer:
Mefarek is a Toladah of the melachah of Dash and refers to a number of methods of
extracting a food or liquid from its attachment or covering.[1]
Nonetheless, Peeling fruits or vegetables is not considered Dash for several reasons. Some explain that Dash only applies to peels that are thick and not closely attached to the fruit and not to peels that adhere closely to the edible fruit.[2] Others explain that Dash does not apply to peels that are ordinarily left remaining on the fruit until the time of eating.[3]
Some say that breaking the outer pod of peas or of certain legumes is considered Dash. However, if they are cooked, then there is no issue of Dash, but one should eat them immediately after separating the edible part from the pod to avoid violating Borer. [4] Similarly, it is also permitted to break open the shell of a peanut or pistachio on Shabbat, and it is not considered Dash. [5]
Over the next couple of days we will discuss some more practical cases regarding the melachah of dash/Mefarek.
Sources:
[1]. Rambam 8:7 and 21:12; Taz 320:12; Magen Avraham 321:10; Mishnah Berurah 320:1; Kaf HaChaim 320:2. Tosafot, Shabbat 73b, “Mefarek” states that this is a Toladah of Memachek. See also Eglei Tal, Dash, 24:14, 20.
[2]. Pri Megadim, E.A. 319:8; Hagahot Rabbi Akiva Eiger, end of §321.
[3]. Eglei Tal, Dash, 5:11; Igrot Moshe, O.C. 1:125; Tzitz Eliezer, vol. 10, 24:2; Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchatah, ch. 3, footnote 104.
[4]. Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 4, p. 110.
[5]. Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 4, p. 110 states that this is no worse than opening the shells of walnuts or almonds, which the Shulchan Aruch 314:8 permits. See also Ben Ish Chai, Beshalach 2:9; Tzitz Eliezer 10:24; Igrot Moshe, O.C. 1:125; Ohr LeTzion, vol. 2, 31:7; Shema Shlomo 2:10; Binyan Av 3:14. Unlike the opinion of the Shevet HaLevi, vol. 1, 79:2 and 81, and vol. 3, 42. Ohr LeTzion, ibid, points out that one should peel even the red skin of a peanut only immediately before eating it.
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