The Daily Halacha Moment - Woman Accepting Shabbat & The Rest Of The Family 📙
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
Does the rest of the family accept Shabbat when the mother of the household does?
May one who accepted Shabbat ask someone who hasn't accepted Shabbat to do melachah for him?
May one who lives in Israel have workers working for him when it's not Shabbat in America but Shabbat in Israel?
Answer:
Even if the woman of the house has already lit the candles and has accepted Shabbat upon herself, the rest of the household does not have to accept Shabbat along with her. Similarly, if the father of the family has accepted Shabbat early, the rest of the residents of the home do not have to accept Shabbat along with him. [1]
One who accepted Shabbat early, may ask somebody else who has not yet accepted Shabbat to do a melachah for him. [2]
One who lives in Eretz Yisrael may have workers working for him in Chutz LaAretz on erev Shabbat, and his workers may work until the time that they have to accept Shabbat in Chutz LaAretz, even though it will already be Shabbat in Eretz Yisrael. [3]
Sources:
[1]. Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 1, p. 288; ibid., Chanukah, p. 176. See also in Kitzur Shulchan Aruch Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 1, p. 72, footnote 10 who brings from a letter that Chacham Ovadia wrote that the rest of the family does not have to accept Shabbat early along with the father of the home, even if he prayed and accepted Shabbat in an earlier minyan and not just if he accepted it is on his own. See also in Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat, book 1, vol. 2, p. 187; Halachah Berurah, vol. 15, p. 401.
[2]. Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 1, p. 290; Yabia Omer, vol. 9, 82:19; Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat, book 1, vol. 2, p. 213. See also in Sdei Chemed, Pe’at HaSadeh, Ma’arechet bet, siman 26; Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchatah, chap. 46, footnote 106 who state that if one accepted Shabbat since one is unsure if it is Shabbat or not, then he may not ask another Jew to do melachah for him. See also in Kovetz Teshuvot 1:54, p. 78 and in Piskei Teshuvot 263:43.
[3]. Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 3, p. 428; Ibid., Yom Tov, p. 138.
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