Hatarat Nedarim
Updated: Sep 12
The Daily Halacha Moment - Hatarat Nedarim 🗣️
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
What is Hatarat Nedarim?
When do we recite Hatarat Nedarim?
Answer:
Many people have the custom to perform hatarat nedarim on Erev Rosh HaShanah and Erev Yom Kippur. Preferably, one should perform hatarat nedarim before ten people. However, if this is too difficult, he should at least recite it before three people. Hatarat nedarim nullifies all of one’s forgotten vows, as well as any stringency that one has performed at least three times, which gave it the status of a vow, and he now wants it nullified. [1]
A boy under the age of thirteen may not serve on a bet din performing hatarat nedarim. [2]
Even one’s own family members may serve on a bet din performing hatarat nedarim. However, a man should not serve on a bet din performing hatarat nedarim for his wife. [3] One may not send a shaliach to perform hatarat nedarim on one’s behalf. [4]
Nonetheless, One may perform hatarat nedarim on behalf of one’s wife. [5] It's good to note, when performing hatarat nedarim, one should understand the words he is reciting. [6]
Adapted From R' Yonatan Nacsons "Laws Of The Holidays"
Sources:
[1]. See Birkei Yosef §21, also cited in Shaarei Teshuvah §1; Kaf HaChaim §12; Chazon Ovadia, Yamim Nora’im, p. 43; Yabia Omer, vol. 1, O.C. 41:18; and Yalkut Yosef, Yamim Nora’im, p. 158 and on. See also Ohr LeTzion, vol. 4, 1:8, which states that one should preferably perform hatarat kelalot, since it is more inclusive than hatarat nedarim.
[2]. Halichot Olam, vol. 8, p. 70; Ohr LeTzion, vol. 4, 1:9. See also Teshuvot VeHanhagot 2:442.
[3]. Shulchan Aruch, Y.D. 228:3 & 234:47; Ohr LeTzion, vol. 4, 1:10.
[4]. Shulchan Aruch, Y.D. 228:16; Ashrei HaIsh, vol. 3, p. 82.
[5]. Yabia Omer, vol. 2, O.C. §30; Teshuvot VeHanhagot 1:338; Ashrei HaIsh, vol. 3, p. 82. When performing hatarat nedarim, one should specify to the dayanim that he is including his wife. Halichot Shlomo, p. 7 states, however, that it suffices for a woman to rely on Kol Nidrei to annul her vows, and she does not need to have her husband perform hatarat nedarim on her behalf.
[6]. Chayei Adam 138:8.
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