The Daily Halacha Moment - Preparing For Shabbat 🥘
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
What is the importance of preparing for Shabbat?
Answer:
The Torah (Shemot, 16:5) states regarding collecting the Manna, “And it will be on the sixth day, as they prepare what they bring…” This verse links the collection of the Manna to the preparation for Shabbat. Accordingly, we learn from this that there is a mitzvah to prepare for Shabbat on Friday. [1]
Throughout the week, it is especially praiseworthy that if one finds an item which is of good quality that is not usually found, then one should set it aside to be eaten on Shabbat. [2]
One should specifically prepare for Shabbat on Friday, as the main mitzvah of preparing for Shabbat is meant to be done on Friday, unless it is an item which needs to be prepared before Friday. [3] However, during the winter when the Friday’s are short, one may buy and prepare for Shabbat even on Thursday. [4]
Similarly, if one finds an item at the store at the beginning of the week and is unsure if the item will be available later on in the week, then one should buy it immediately and not push off buying it. [5]
One should not begin preparing for Shabbat before praying Shacharit. However, if one is afraid that if he waits until after Shacharit to buy what he needs then there will not be anything left in the store, then one should first recite keriat shema and then he may buy what he needs even before praying Shacharit. [6]
Furthermore, When preparing or buying something for Shabbat, one should verbalise that one is doing so in the honor of Shabbat – “Lekavod Shabbat Kodesh.” [7]
Over the next couple of days we will B'ezrat Hashem discuss other Halachot of Erev Shabbat Kodesh.
Sources:
[1]. See in Gemara, Shabbat 117b. This is also brought in the Bet Yosef, §250 in the name of the Shibulei HaLeket, §55. The Shulchan Aruch 250:1 states that one should already begin preparing for Shabbat at the beginning of the day.
[2]. See in Rashi and in Ramban, Shemot, 20:8; Darkei Moshe 250:1; Taz 242:1; Magen Avraham 250:1; Chayeh Adam 1:1; Mishnah Berurah 250:2. See also in Machazik Berachah 242:5 and in Halachah Berurah, vol. 13, p. 433-435.
[3]. Ran, Shabbat 117b; Shaar Hakavanot, 61d. See also in Magen Avraham 575:4; Mishnah Berurah, 250:2 and in Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 1, p. 1 in footnotes.
[4]. Chayeh Adam, 1:3; Ben Ish Chai, Lech Lecha, 2:6; Mishnah Berurah, 250:2; Chessed LaAlafim 250:1; Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat, vol. 1, book 1, p. 371; Halachah Berurah, vol. 13, p. 432.
[5]. Mishnah Berurah, 250:2 in the name of the Chayeh Adam 1:1. See also in Shaarei Teshuvah 250:1 in the name of the Birkei Yosef 250:2.
[6]. Seder HaYom, seder hachanat yom shishi; Shulchan Aruch HaRav 250:3; Chayeh Adam 1:2; Mishnah Berurah, 250:1; Ben Ish Chai, Lech Lecha, 2:2; Maor Yisrael, vol. 1, p. 279.
[7]. Shaar Hakavanot, Inyan Lel Shishi, “Inyan Hamachshavah”; Chessed LaAlafim 250:1; Mishnah Berurah 250:2; The Chida in Moreh BaEtzbah 4:139 and the Shulchan Aruch HaRav 250:6 state that before each preparation, such as washing, dressing and the like, one should say out loud, “This is in the honor of Shabbat.”
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