Sitting Or Standing During Chazarat HaShatz
- Halacha Moment
- Aug 1
- 2 min read
The Daily Halacha Moment - Sitting Or Standing During Chazarat HaShatz
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן
העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
Does one sit or stand during Chazarat HaShatz?
Answer:
There are differing halachic opinions regarding whether one must stand during Chazarat HaShatz. [1] Most Ashkenazic poskim encourage standing throughout the repetition. [2] Among Sephardim, the widespread custom is to sit during Chazarat HaShatz; however, it is considered praiseworthy to stand. [3]
Many authorities rule that even if one sits for most of the repetition, one should stand with feet together at least until the conclusion of the beracha HaKel HaKadosh. [4] Additionally, when the Chazan reaches Modim D'Rabbanan, everyone must rise, as it is halachically improper to bow from a seated position. [5]
If someone who generally sits for Chazarat HaShatz finds themselves in a congregation where the custom is to stand, they are obligated to follow the local custom and stand with the tzibbur. [13]
Sources:
[1].The Rama (OC 124:4), based on the Sefer Haminhagim, writes that one should stand during Chazarat HaShatz. The Mishna Berura (124:20), citing the Gra and S”A HaRav, explains that since the congregation fulfills their obligation through Shomea Ke’oneh, it’s as if they themselves are praying and should therefore stand. He also quotes the Pri Megadim, who laments that many have abandoned this custom and instead sit and talk.
Rabbi Yaakov Chagiz (Halachot Ketanot 2:80) argues that one may sit, based on the Gemara in Yoma 87b where Shmuel is described as rising for Viduy—implying he had been sitting before. Though, he notes, perhaps Shmuel was unwell. He concludes that the Sephardic custom is to stand, though some Ashkenazim sit.
The Rambam (Tefilla 9:3) seems to say one should stand, writing “all are standing and listening.” However, Chacham Ovadia (Yechave Daat 5:11) clarifies that this may mean being silent and attentive, not physically standing.
[2]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 20:1; Aruch Hashulchan 124:9. See also Piskei Teshuvot 124:10.
[3]. Chida (Kesher Godel 18:12), Kaf Hachaim Palachi 15:53, Ben Ish Chai, Teruma 1:10 and Kaf Hachaim 124:24
[4]. Yechaveh Daat 5:11.
[5]. Shu”t Yechave Daat 5:11, Yalkut Yosef 127:1, Ishei Yisrael 24:38, Halichot Shlomo, Tefillah ch. 9 n. 35
[6]. Halacha Berurah 124:15.
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