Chazarat HaShatz
- Halacha Moment
- Aug 1
- 2 min read
The Daily Halacha Moment - Chazarat HaShatz
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן
העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
Why do we repeat the Shemonah Esrei after the silent amidah?
Answer:
Chazal established that following the silent recitation of Shemona Esrei by the congregation, the Shaliach Tzibbur (prayer leader) must repeat the Shemona Esrei out loud for the entire minyan to hear. [1] Originally, this enactment was instituted to assist individuals who were unable to pray on their own—either because they lacked the necessary knowledge or the ability to read the prayers properly. The repetition allowed them to fulfill their obligation by listening attentively and answering “Amen” to each blessing.
However, even in contemporary times—when, in most communities, every member of the minyan is fully capable of reciting Shemona Esrei on their own—the obligation of Chazarat HaShatz remains fully in effect. [2] It was not canceled or lessened, since its institution was not based solely on practical need, but became a fixed part of the structure of communal tefillah. As such, it must be treated with full seriousness and proper concentration, just like the silent Amida.
In fact, according to the teachings of the Arizal, the repetition of the Shemona Esrei possesses a unique and even elevated spiritual power. He writes that Chazarat HaShatz can reach a loftier spiritual level than even the private, silent Amida, due to its communal nature and the sanctity added by the presence of a minyan and the responsive “Amen”s of the congregation.
Sources:
[1]. Shulchan Aruch 124:1.
[2]. Shulchan Aruch 124:3; Yalkut Yosef 124:1.
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