The Daily Halacha Moment - Me’asot Derachecha – The Manner of Movement on Shabbat 🏃
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
May one run on Shabbat?
Answer:
The Gemara explains that the words of the Navi which we mentioned in Yesterday's Halacha Moment imply that the manner that one walks on Shabbat must be different than the way that one walks during the week. [1] The reason for this prohibition is that rushed walking or impatient movement is a disruption of the serenity of Shabbat and a detraction of its honor. [2]
That being said, Running, rushed walking, taking big steps, [3] jumping, [4] and skipping [5] are all prohibited forms of movement on Shabbat.
In a future Halacha Moment we will bezrat Hashem discuss examples where one may run or jump on Shabbat.
Based On R' Yonatan Nacson's Laws Of Shabbat With Some Additions.
Sources:
[1]. Shabbat 113a. According to the Rif 42a, Rambam 24:4 and Rosh 15:2 this is learned from the words “Me’asot derachechah.” Rashi, Berachot 6b and the Tur 301:1 state that this also learned from the words “Im tashiv meshabbat raglecha.”
[2]. Mishnah Berurah 301:1 explains that this is prohibited on Shabbat, since during the weekday it is common for one to be running in order to do his work. Aruch HaShulchan 301:44 states that this it is prohibited to run or take big steps on Shabbat since it detracts from the serenity of Shabbat. Yafeh LaLev 301:1 adds that the issue with running on Shabbat is so that one does not come to sweat.
[3]. See Shulchan Aruch and Rama 301:1. See also Igrot Moshe, O.C. 5:18 and Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat, vol. 2, p. 2.
[4]. Mishnah Berurah 301:2; Shaar HaTziyun 301:3. Mishnah Berurah 301:8 also states that this is referring to jumping with both feet in the air.
[5]. See in Shulchan Aruch HaRav, 301:3 who states that this is the conventional way of skipping, by hopping with one foot forward one at a time. However, the Hagahot HaGra 301:3 states that this is referring to spreading one’s feet apart. See also in Mishnah Berurah 301:8.
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