Proper Time For Selichot
The Daily Halacha Moment - Time For Selichot ๐
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Question:
When is the most proper time to recite Selichot?
Answer:
The best time to recite Selichot is after the nighttime chatzot.[1]
Before chatzot, one may not recite Selichot and the Thirteen Attributes (the Yud-Gimmel Middot). One who is praying with a minyan that recites the entire Selichot before chatzot should leave, since the minyan is not acting in accordance with Halachah. [2]
While one may not recite the Thirteen Middot before chatzot, one may begin Ashrei and other parts of Selichot that precede the recitation of the Thirteen Middot before chatzot, and then continue with the rest of Selichot after chatzot. [3] Some Ashkenazim rule that one may recite Selichot before chatzot.
Those who are unable to recite Selichot after chatzot or before Shacharit
may do so before Minchah. During such a recitation, the chazzan should preferably wear a tallit, especially if he is not wearing a suit jacket. [4]
Sources:
[1]. Chazon Ovadia, Yamim Noraโim, p. 2, in the names of the Arizal and Ohr LeTzion, vol. 4, 1:1. See also Igrot Moshe, O.C. 2:105.
[2]. In regards to reciting Selichot before chatzot, the Arizal, as brought in Shaar HaKavanot, Derushei Tefillat Arvit, derush 1, says that Selichot should not be recited before chatzot. See also Magen Avraham 565:5 and Mishnah Berurah 565:12, which cite this ruling. This is also the ruling of Chazon Ovadia, Yamim Noraโim, p. 2; Yechaveh Daat 1:46; Yalkut Yosef, Yamim Noraโim, pages 3โ5 & p. 18, 11; Torat HaMoadim, Yamim Noraโim, p. 5; and Ohr LeTzion, vol. 4, 1:1. See also Emek Yehoshua 2:43 and Halichot Shlomo, Rosh HaShanah, ch. 1, 12:4. This is unlike the opinion of Rabbi Moshe Feinstein in Igrot Moshe, O.C. 2:105, who rules that one may even recite Selichot before chatzot. However, Chazon Ovadia, Yamim Noraโim, p. 2 adds that one may listen to Selichot on the radio or by recording to learn the tunes and be familiarized with the words before chatzot, since oneโs intention is to learn it, and not to recite it.
[3]. See Yalkut Yosef, Yamim Noraโim, p. 19, which states that this was the custom of Chacham Ovadia Yosef. See also Halichot Shlomo, Moadim, p. 3, which is unlike the view of Ashrei HaIsh, vol. 3, 3:17, which states that one may not even begin Ashrei before chatzot.
[4]. Chazon Ovadia, Yamim Noraโim, pages 6 & 24; Torat HaMoadim, Yamim Noraโim, p. 6; Yalkut Yosef, Yamim Noraโim, p. 50. See also Ohr LeTzion, vol. 4, 1:1, which states that one should only recite Selichot before Minchah if there is really no other time.
See Laws Of The Holidays - Nacson
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