The Daily Halacha Moment - Tzidkatecha On Shabbat Minchah📙
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן
העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
Why do we recite Tzidkatecha on Shabbat?
When do we recite Tzidkatecha?
Answer:
It is customary to recite the three pesukim of “Tzidkatecha” after the chazarat hashatz of Minchah.[1] These three pesukim commemorate the three great Tzaddikim who passed away on Shabbat at the time of Minchah, they are Yosef HaTzaddik, Moshe Rabbenu and David HaMelech.[2] This prayer should be recited while standing.[3]
On a day where Tachanun is usually omitted, if that day falls out on Shabbat, then the pesukim of Tzidkatecha are omitted as well.[4] However, if a chattan or one who was a sandak, mohel or father of a baby who had a brit milah is present, this does not exempt the minyan from reciting Tzidkatecha.[5]
When Tishah B’Av is on Sunday, Tzidkatecha is not recited during Minchah of Shabbat.[6]
When Rosh HaShanah is on Shabbat, Tzidkatecha is recited during Minchah in most communities.[7]
When the fourteenth of Adar is on Sunday, Tzidkatecha is not recited during Minchah on the Shabbat prior.[8]
When Pesach Sheni (the 14th of Iyar) falls out on Sunday, some state that one should recite Tzidkatecha, [9] and some state that one should omit it.[10]
Sources:
[1]. Shulchan Aruch 292:2; See in Halichot Olam, vol. 3, p. 99 who states that the reason why this is recited during Minchah and not Shacharit is because, it is recited in order to commemorate Moshe Rabbenu who passed away during Minchah on Shabbat. However, the Mishnah Berurah 292:6 states that some say that the reason why it is recited at Minchah is in order to pray for all of the wicked people who will be going back to Gehenom on Motzaei Shabbat.
[2]. Zohar, Terumah, p. 156a.
[3]. Kaf HaChaim 292:15.
[4]. Shulchan Aruch 292:2; Chazon Ovadia, Pesach, p. 9; Ibid., Berachot, p. 4. See in Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat, book 1, vol. 4, pp. 405-406 who states that this also includes Erev Chanukah that falls on Shabbat, Tu BiShevat, if erev Purim falls out on Shabbat, or if the 14th or 15th of Adar falls out on Shabbat.
[5]. Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat, book 1, vol. 4, p. 703 in the name of Chacham Ovadia Yosef. However, the Yalkut Yosef points out that if one is in a minyan that omitted Tzidkatecha in such a case, then they have what to rely on, since there are opinions, such as in Kaf HaChaim 292:18, who state that Tzidkatecha should indeed be omitted.
[6]. Shulchan Aruch, O.C. 552:12 & 553:1.
[7]. Shulchan Aruch 598:1; Chazon Ovadia, Yamim Nora’im, p. 185. Kaf HaChaim 598:1 points out that there are some communities that do not recite Tzidkatecha.
[8]. Chazon Ovadia, Purim, p. 209, in the footnote.
[9]. See Halachah Berurah, vol. 7, p. 53 regarding tachanun. This was also Chacham David Yosef’s ruling regarding Tzidkatechah in his minyan in Bet Hamidrash Yechaveh Daat.
[10]. See Teshuvot HaRishon LeTzion 2:12.
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